Análisis del sistema de anclaje de diademas en la escultura policromada “Virgen del Tránsito” del Cusco y su propuesta para su intervención
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Date
2026-05-18
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Universidad Nacional de Arte Diego Quispe Tito del Cusco
Abstract
La presente investigación aborda el análisis del sistema de anclaje de la diadema en la escultura policromada “Virgen del Tránsito” del Cusco, perteneciente al patrimonio religioso virreinal. La obra presenta deterioros materiales y estructurales que comprometen su integridad, particularmente en la zona de fijación de la diadema. Mediante un enfoque cualitativo, técnico y documental, se realizaron estudios organolépticos, fisicoquímicos y radiológicos para diagnosticar el estado de conservación de la escultura. El objetivo principal fue sustentar técnicamente una propuesta de intervención compatible, reversible y respetuosa del valor patrimonial de la imagen. Los resultados permitieron identificar patologías y desgaste de material en la zona de anclaje, generadas por la manipulación inadecuada de la diadema, lo que fundamenta la necesidad de una intervención especializada que garantice su estabilidad física y su conservación simbólica. Esta investigación aporta una metodología replicable para el análisis técnico de sistemas de sujeción en esculturas coloniales.
This research focuses on the analysis of the diadem anchoring system in the polychrome sculpture of the "Virgin of the Transit" from Cusco, a significant piece of the viceregal religious heritage. The sculpture presents structural and material deterioration, particularly in the anchoring area of the diadem, which compromises its integrity. Using a qualitative, technical, and documentary approach, organoleptic, physicochemical, and radiographic studies were conducted to assess the current state of conservation of the sculpture. The main objective was to provide a technical basis for a conservation proposal that is compatible, reversible, and respectful of the artwork’s patrimonial value. The results made it possible to identify pathologies and material wear in the anchoring area, caused by the improper handling of the diadem, which underlines the need for a specialized intervention to ensure its physical stability and symbolic preservation. This research provides a replicable methodology for the technical analysis of fastening systems in colonial sculptures.
This research focuses on the analysis of the diadem anchoring system in the polychrome sculpture of the "Virgin of the Transit" from Cusco, a significant piece of the viceregal religious heritage. The sculpture presents structural and material deterioration, particularly in the anchoring area of the diadem, which compromises its integrity. Using a qualitative, technical, and documentary approach, organoleptic, physicochemical, and radiographic studies were conducted to assess the current state of conservation of the sculpture. The main objective was to provide a technical basis for a conservation proposal that is compatible, reversible, and respectful of the artwork’s patrimonial value. The results made it possible to identify pathologies and material wear in the anchoring area, caused by the improper handling of the diadem, which underlines the need for a specialized intervention to ensure its physical stability and symbolic preservation. This research provides a replicable methodology for the technical analysis of fastening systems in colonial sculptures.
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Keywords
Escultura policromada, Virgen del Tránsito, Sistema de anclaje, Conservación y restauración, Patrimonio religioso, Intervención reversible, Análisis fisicoquímico, Polychrome sculpture, Virgin of the Transit, Anchoring system, Conservation and restoration, Religious heritage, Reversible intervention, Physicochemical analysis
