Interpretacion del diagrama del mandala, como metodo para el desarrollo expresivo en el dibujo, de los estudiantes del 4to grado de secundaria de la I.E. Daniel Alcides Carrión.
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Date
2022-12-18
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Universidad Nacional de Arte Diego Quispe Tito del Cusco
Abstract
En la investigación realizada se da a conocer la importancia del diagrama de las mandalas para el desarrollo expresivo del dibujo, que está ceñida en la educación del arte; no haber desarrollado estos temas con los estudiantes, conllevó a un desconcierto y desconocimiento del tema, sin embargo, en su aplicación se ha logrado que se fortalezca la confianza consigo mismo, y la parte creativa e imaginativa. Durante el desarrollo de la investigación se pudo observar y detectar en los estudiantes, ciertas situaciones de angustia y miedo cuando empezaron a dibujar y expresar lo que sentían, esto se captó posteriormente a las sesiones y durante la práctica, pero paulatinamente fueron mejorando y avanzando desde lo complejo y difícil, hasta ir creando sus propios diseños con más creatividad y dominando de sus materiales como los lápices de color, plumones, regla y otros. La falta del desarrollo de esta técnica y método, hace que los estudiantes no tengan una educación integral y enriquecida. Para eso fue necesario preparar sesiones de clases innovadoras de acuerdo a la necesidad del estudiante. A través de este método se incide a que el estudiante cambie la forma de expresar sus dibujos, y los temas repetitivos, tradicionales o comunes que en muchas ocasiones se dan en clase, los hostiga y convierte en estudiantes de poca formación académica; esto se convierte en algo tedioso concedido por algunos docentes que no desarrollan otras técnicas y métodos de enseñar las artes. De aquí que nace la necesidad de aplicar esta investigación a través del diagrama de la mandala como método para el desarrollo expresivo en el dibujo, para que, a través de este alcance, el estudiante cambie estas conductas educativas comunes, por lo tanto, se ha definido enseñarles la aplicación de la técnica con la finalidad de que puedan expresar sus dibujos, utilizando diferentes objetos y manifestaciones culturales de su localidad. Para desarrollar y aplicar el método se utilizó la revista Las mandalas: esos grandes desconocidos, de María Concepción Martínez Cruz, cuyo método se usó para el aprendizaje y la creación de diseños de las mandalas. En la etapa de la investigación se aplicó la observación y la introspección para el análisis formal y el análisis objetivo y subjetivo de los productos estéticos, desarrollados en el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Se realizó un análisis semiótico de diseños y dibujos producidos para decodificar lo observado, interpretando su mensaje y su análisis estético. El propósito de la investigación es que los estudiantes desarrollen el dibujo a través de un método sencillo, concediéndoles un aprendizaje significativo con el fin de transformar su vida.
In the research carried out, the importance of the mandala diagram for the expressive development of drawing is revealed, which is included in art education; Not having developed these topics with the students led to confusion and ignorance of the topic; however, in its application it has been possible to strengthen self-confidence, and the creative and imaginative part. During the development of the research, it was possible to observe and detect in the students certain situations of anguish and fear when they began to draw and express what they felt. This was captured after the sessions and during the practice, but they gradually improved and advanced from the complex and difficult, until creating their own designs with more creativity and mastering their materials such as colored pencils, markers, ruler and others. The lack of development of this technique and method means that students do not have a comprehensive and enriched education. For this it was necessary to prepare innovative class sessions according to the student's needs. Through this method, the student is encouraged to change the way they express their drawings, and the repetitive, traditional or common themes that are often given in class, harass them and turn them into students with little academic training; This becomes something tedious granted by some teachers who do not develop other techniques and methods of teaching the arts. Hence the need to apply this research through the mandala diagram as a method for expressive development in drawing, so that, through this scope, the student changes these common educational behaviors, therefore, it has been defined to teach them the application of the technique so that they can express their drawings, using different objects and cultural manifestations from their locality. To develop and apply the method, the magazine Las mandalas: Those great unknowns, by María Concepción Martínez Cruz, was used, whose method was used for learning and creating mandala designs. In the research stage, observation and introspection were applied for the formal analysis and the objective and subjective analysis of the aesthetic products, developed in the students' learning process. A semiotic analysis of designs and drawings produced was carried out to decode what was observed, interpreting its message and its aesthetic analysis. The purpose of the research is for students to develop drawing through a simple method, granting them significant learning in order to transform their lives.
In the research carried out, the importance of the mandala diagram for the expressive development of drawing is revealed, which is included in art education; Not having developed these topics with the students led to confusion and ignorance of the topic; however, in its application it has been possible to strengthen self-confidence, and the creative and imaginative part. During the development of the research, it was possible to observe and detect in the students certain situations of anguish and fear when they began to draw and express what they felt. This was captured after the sessions and during the practice, but they gradually improved and advanced from the complex and difficult, until creating their own designs with more creativity and mastering their materials such as colored pencils, markers, ruler and others. The lack of development of this technique and method means that students do not have a comprehensive and enriched education. For this it was necessary to prepare innovative class sessions according to the student's needs. Through this method, the student is encouraged to change the way they express their drawings, and the repetitive, traditional or common themes that are often given in class, harass them and turn them into students with little academic training; This becomes something tedious granted by some teachers who do not develop other techniques and methods of teaching the arts. Hence the need to apply this research through the mandala diagram as a method for expressive development in drawing, so that, through this scope, the student changes these common educational behaviors, therefore, it has been defined to teach them the application of the technique so that they can express their drawings, using different objects and cultural manifestations from their locality. To develop and apply the method, the magazine Las mandalas: Those great unknowns, by María Concepción Martínez Cruz, was used, whose method was used for learning and creating mandala designs. In the research stage, observation and introspection were applied for the formal analysis and the objective and subjective analysis of the aesthetic products, developed in the students' learning process. A semiotic analysis of designs and drawings produced was carried out to decode what was observed, interpreting its message and its aesthetic analysis. The purpose of the research is for students to develop drawing through a simple method, granting them significant learning in order to transform their lives.
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Keywords
Educación Artística, Diagrama del mandala, Desarrollo expresivo en el dibujo, Desarrollo Creatividad, Observación e introspección, Artes visuales, Lápices a colores, Mandala, Tesis, Art Education, Mandala diagram, Expressive development in drawing, Development Creativity, Observation and introspection, Visual arts, Colored pencils
