Técnicas tradicionales de pastas en restitución escultórica
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Date
2025-12-16
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Universidad Nacional de Arte Diego Quispe Tito del Cusco
Abstract
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo recuperar las técnicas tradicionales de pastas que sirvan para la restitución volumétrica de faltantes en escultura colonial policromada. La propuesta de investigación se abordó desde el enfoque cualitativo, y el alcance fue no experimental, descriptivo transeccional, Para ello se recopiló información historiográfica documental sobre las técnicas tradicionales con el fin de obtener información. Esta recopilación permitió identificar materiales y ayudó a formular las pastas para luego generar un catálogo de recetas y posteriormente reproducir las recetas recopiladas observando sus propiedades. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó como técnicas la encuesta y la observación estructurada. Inicialmente se aplicó la encuesta, validada por juicio de expertos, a varios artesanos con la finalidad de conocer la pervivencia de las técnicas tradicionales usadas en imaginería. Las recetas recopiladas fueron cinco y la documentación dio a conocer los materiales e insumos que se utilizaban pero no fueron precisas en cuanto a las proporciones de los materiales, por lo cual se realizó una serie de pruebas haciendo uso de una ficha de observación que ayudó a obtener los resultados que se muestran en el desarrollo de esta investigación. Las características de las pastas las hacen idóneas para su uso en restauración de faltantes en escultura policromada colonial. Los resultados se evidenciaron favorables cuando se elaboraron máscaras prototipo y se describieron las bondades y dificultades en el uso de las pastas.
The objective of this study was to recover traditional pasta techniques that serve for the volumetric restitution of missing in polychromatic colonial sculpture. The research proposal was addressed from the qualitative approach, and the scope was non-experimental, descriptive transectional, for it was compiled information historiographic documentary on the traditional techniques in order to obtain information, this collection allowed to identify materials and helped formulate the pasta and then generate a catalogue of recipes and then reproduce the recipes collected by observing their properties. Data collection was used as survey techniques and structured observation. Initially the survey was applied, validated by expert opinion, to several artisans in order to know the survival of the traditional techniques used in imagery. The recipes compiled were five and the documentation disclosed the materials and supplies that were used but were not precise in terms of the proportions of the materials, so a series of tests was carried out using an observation form that helped to obtain the results that are shown in the development of this investigation. The characteristics of the pastes make them suitable for use in restoration of missing in polychrome colonial sculpture. The results were favorable when prototype masks were elaborated and the benefits and difficulties in the use of pastes were described.
The objective of this study was to recover traditional pasta techniques that serve for the volumetric restitution of missing in polychromatic colonial sculpture. The research proposal was addressed from the qualitative approach, and the scope was non-experimental, descriptive transectional, for it was compiled information historiographic documentary on the traditional techniques in order to obtain information, this collection allowed to identify materials and helped formulate the pasta and then generate a catalogue of recipes and then reproduce the recipes collected by observing their properties. Data collection was used as survey techniques and structured observation. Initially the survey was applied, validated by expert opinion, to several artisans in order to know the survival of the traditional techniques used in imagery. The recipes compiled were five and the documentation disclosed the materials and supplies that were used but were not precise in terms of the proportions of the materials, so a series of tests was carried out using an observation form that helped to obtain the results that are shown in the development of this investigation. The characteristics of the pastes make them suitable for use in restoration of missing in polychrome colonial sculpture. The results were favorable when prototype masks were elaborated and the benefits and difficulties in the use of pastes were described.
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Keywords
Escultura policromada, Técnicas tradicionales, Formulación de pastas, Polychrome sculpture, Traditional techniques, Pasta formulation
